10 AEM Interview Questions and Answers in 2023
1. Describe the process of creating a custom component in AEM?
Creating a custom component in AEM involves several steps.
1. Design the component: The first step is to design the component. This includes deciding what type of component it should be (e.g. a text component, an image component, etc.), what features it should have, and how it should look.
2. Create the component node: Once the design is complete, the next step is to create the component node in the AEM content repository. This is done by creating a node of type “cq:Component” and setting the appropriate properties.
3. Create the component dialog: The component dialog is used to configure the component. It is created by creating a node of type “cq:Dialog” and setting the appropriate properties.
4. Create the component template: The component template is used to render the component. It is created by creating a node of type “cq:Template” and setting the appropriate properties.
5. Create the component JavaScript: The component JavaScript is used to add client-side functionality to the component. It is created by creating a node of type “cq:ClientLibraryFolder” and setting the appropriate properties.
6. Create the component CSS: The component CSS is used to style the component. It is created by creating a node of type “cq:ClientLibraryFolder” and setting the appropriate properties.
7. Create the component HTML: The component HTML is used to define the structure of the component. It is created by creating a node of type “cq:Html” and setting the appropriate properties.
8. Test the component: Once all of the above steps are complete, the component should be tested to ensure that it works as expected.
9. Deploy the component: Once the component is tested and ready for deployment, it should be deployed to the AEM server.
2. How do you debug an AEM application?
Debugging an AEM application can be done in several ways.
First, you can use the AEM Developer Tools, which are available in the AEM package manager. These tools provide a range of debugging capabilities, such as the ability to view the log files, inspect the JCR repository, and view the OSGi configuration.
Second, you can use the AEM Web Console, which is a web-based interface for managing and debugging AEM applications. This console provides a range of features, such as the ability to view the log files, inspect the JCR repository, and view the OSGi configuration.
Third, you can use the AEM Debugger, which is a command-line tool for debugging AEM applications. This debugger provides a range of features, such as the ability to view the log files, inspect the JCR repository, and view the OSGi configuration.
Finally, you can use the AEM Debugging Toolkit, which is a set of tools for debugging AEM applications. This toolkit provides a range of features, such as the ability to view the log files, inspect the JCR repository, and view the OSGi configuration.
In addition to these tools, you can also use the AEM Developer Mode, which is a feature that allows you to debug AEM applications in real-time. This mode provides a range of features, such as the ability to view the log files, inspect the JCR repository, and view the OSGi configuration.
By using these tools, you can quickly and easily debug your AEM application.
3. What is the purpose of the Sling Resource Resolver?
The Sling Resource Resolver is an important part of the Apache Sling framework and is used to map request URLs to resources in the AEM content repository. It is responsible for resolving the resource from the repository based on the request URL and providing the resource object to the requestor. The Resource Resolver is also responsible for authentication and authorization of the requestor. It is used to access the content repository, retrieve resources, and render them in the appropriate format. It is also used to create, update, and delete resources in the repository. The Resource Resolver is an important part of the AEM development process and is used to create and manage content in the repository.
4. What is the difference between a Sling Model and a Sightly Component?
A Sling Model is a Java class that is used to map content resources into Java objects. It is used to access and manipulate content in the AEM JCR. It is a server-side technology that is used to create a model layer for the content.
A Sightly Component is an HTML template that is used to render content in AEM. It is a client-side technology that is used to create a presentation layer for the content. It is used to create reusable components that can be used across multiple pages.
In summary, a Sling Model is used to create a model layer for the content, while a Sightly Component is used to create a presentation layer for the content.
5. How do you configure a workflow in AEM?
Configuring a workflow in AEM is a multi-step process.
First, you need to create the workflow model. This is done in the Workflow Models console, which is located in the Tools console. Here, you can create a new workflow model by clicking the Create button. You will then be prompted to enter a name and description for the workflow model. You can also specify the workflow launcher, which is the user or group that will be responsible for initiating the workflow.
Next, you need to create the workflow steps. This is done in the Workflow Steps console, which is also located in the Tools console. Here, you can create a new workflow step by clicking the Create button. You will then be prompted to enter a name and description for the workflow step. You can also specify the workflow launcher, which is the user or group that will be responsible for executing the workflow step.
Once the workflow model and steps have been created, you can then configure the workflow. This is done in the Workflow console, which is located in the Workflows tab. Here, you can create a new workflow by clicking the Create button. You will then be prompted to enter a name and description for the workflow. You can also specify the workflow model and steps that will be used in the workflow.
Finally, you can configure the workflow launcher. This is done in the Workflow Launcher console, which is located in the Workflows tab. Here, you can create a new workflow launcher by clicking the Create button. You will then be prompted to enter a name and description for the workflow launcher. You can also specify the user or group that will be responsible for initiating the workflow.
Once the workflow model, steps, and launcher have been configured, you can then activate the workflow. This is done in the Workflow console, which is located in the Workflows tab. Here, you can select the workflow and click the Activate button. This will activate the workflow and make it available for use.
6. What is the purpose of the OSGi framework in AEM?
The OSGi framework is an integral part of the Adobe Experience Manager (AEM) platform. It is a modular software system that provides a dynamic component model for developing, deploying, and managing applications. OSGi is a key component of AEM, as it provides a powerful and flexible way to develop and deploy applications.
The OSGi framework enables developers to create modular applications that can be deployed and managed in a dynamic environment. It allows developers to create components that can be easily integrated into the AEM platform. This makes it easier to develop and deploy applications that are tailored to the specific needs of the organization.
The OSGi framework also provides a powerful and flexible way to manage applications. It allows developers to create and manage components in a dynamic environment. This makes it easier to manage applications and ensure that they are up-to-date and running smoothly.
In addition, the OSGi framework provides a secure environment for applications. It ensures that applications are secure and that they are not vulnerable to malicious attacks. This makes it easier to ensure that applications are secure and that they are running as expected.
Overall, the OSGi framework is an important part of the AEM platform. It provides a powerful and flexible way to develop, deploy, and manage applications. It also provides a secure environment for applications, making it easier to ensure that applications are secure and running as expected.
7. How do you configure a replication agent in AEM?
Configuring a replication agent in AEM is a straightforward process.
First, you need to create a replication agent in the AEM console. To do this, navigate to Tools > Replication > Agents. Click the Create button and enter the details for the replication agent. This includes the name, transport URI, user ID, and password.
Once the replication agent is created, you need to configure the replication paths. To do this, navigate to Tools > Replication > Paths. Click the Create button and enter the details for the replication path. This includes the name, source, target, and transport URI.
Next, you need to configure the replication settings. To do this, navigate to Tools > Replication > Settings. Here, you can configure the replication log level, replication queue size, and replication retry interval.
Finally, you need to activate the replication agent. To do this, navigate to Tools > Replication > Agents. Select the replication agent and click the Activate button.
Once the replication agent is activated, it will begin replicating content from the source to the target.
8. What is the purpose of the Felix Console in AEM?
The Felix Console in AEM is a web-based management console that provides a comprehensive view of the Apache Felix OSGi framework and its components. It allows developers to manage bundles, services, configurations, and other OSGi-related components. It also provides a way to monitor the health of the system, view logs, and troubleshoot issues. The Felix Console is an essential tool for AEM developers, as it provides a way to manage and monitor the AEM environment. It can be used to install, start, stop, and uninstall bundles, view and modify configurations, and view and manage services. It also provides a way to view and manage the system's log files, as well as view and manage the system's memory usage. Additionally, the Felix Console can be used to view and manage the system's security settings, as well as view and manage the system's users and groups.
9. How do you configure a dispatcher in AEM?
Configuring a dispatcher in AEM is a multi-step process.
First, you need to install the dispatcher module on the web server. This can be done by downloading the module from the Adobe Package Share and then running the installation script.
Next, you need to configure the Apache web server to use the dispatcher module. This involves adding the following lines to the httpd.conf file:
LoadModule dispatcher_module modules/mod_dispatcher.so
Once the Apache web server is configured, you need to create a dispatcher configuration file. This file should be named dispatcher.any and should be placed in the conf directory. The configuration file should contain the following information:
/renders {
/rend01 {
/hostname "localhost"
/port "4503"
/timeout "60"
/allowAuthorized "0"
/filter {
/0001 { /type "deny" /glob "*" }
/0002 { /type "allow" /glob "*.html" }
}
}
}
/cache {
/docroot "/var/www/html"
/statfileslevel "2"
/allowOrigin "*"
/rules {
/0000 { /glob "*" /type "allow" }
}
}
Finally, you need to restart the Apache web server for the changes to take effect. Once the web server is restarted, the dispatcher should be ready to use.
10. What is the purpose of the JCR in AEM?
The JCR (Java Content Repository) is the foundation of Adobe Experience Manager (AEM). It is a content repository that stores all of the content and assets used in AEM. The JCR is a hierarchical, structured data store that stores all of the content and assets used in AEM. It is based on the Java Content Repository API (JCR API) and is compliant with the Content Repository for Java Technology API (JSR-170) and the Content Repository for Java Technology API version 2.0 (JSR-283).
The JCR is used to store, manage, and access content and assets in AEM. It provides a secure, robust, and scalable repository for storing and managing content and assets. It also provides a powerful query language (JCR-SQL2) for searching and retrieving content and assets. Additionally, the JCR provides a set of APIs for creating, modifying, and deleting content and assets.
The JCR is an essential part of AEM and is used to store and manage all of the content and assets used in AEM. It provides a secure, robust, and scalable repository for storing and managing content and assets, and provides a powerful query language for searching and retrieving content and assets.